Net-zero emissions

Net-zero emissions are achieved when the amount of greenhouse gases (GHG) released into the atmosphere is balanced by the amount removed from it. It does not necessarily mean eliminating every emission, but reducing them as far as possible and then balancing the residual emissions by removing an equivalent quantity of GHG.

Why net-zero emissions matter

Reaching net zero globally is critical to limiting warming to 1.5°C, the most ambitious goal of the Paris Agreement. This is essential to avoid the most severe impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, extreme weather and biodiversity loss. Net zero is therefore a cornerstone of long-term sustainability.

How net-zero emissions are achieved

Emission reductions

The primary route is to cut GHG emissions drastically across every sector through decarbonisation: switching to renewable energy, improving energy efficiency, adopting clean technologies and changing practices in industry, agriculture and transport.

Emission removals

The remaining, hard-to-abate emissions are balanced through carbon removals: reforestation, ecosystem restoration, direct air capture (DAC) and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). Removals are meant to complement reductions, not replace them.

Standards and how net zero is defined

For companies, the leading reference is the SBTi Corporate Net-Zero Standard. Its Version 2.0, published in June 2026, takes effect on 1 February 2027 (with the earlier version remaining valid during the transition) and requires deep value-chain reductions before any use of removals. Net zero is closely related to, but stricter than, carbon neutrality.

Challenges to achieving net zero

Energy transition

Moving to a low-carbon economy requires major investment in infrastructure, technology and skills, and can meet resistance to change.

Costs and financing

Mitigation and adaptation measures involve significant costs, and mobilising finance, especially for developing countries, is crucial.

International cooperation

Climate change is a global problem; coordinated effort among governments, businesses and civil society is essential to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement.

At Manglai we help companies measure their carbon footprint, set science-based targets and prepare their sustainability reporting on the path to net zero. Discover how Manglai can help you.