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Water Adaptation
Water adaptation refers to the set of strategies, infrastructures, and policies designed to reduce the vulnerability of human and natural systems to variability and changes in water resources. It focuses on adjusting supply and demand to ensure water security under increasingly extreme climate scenarios.
Categories of Measures
- Supply: renewable-powered desalination → +300 hm³/year in eastern Spain.
- Demand: precision agriculture → −30% in water withdrawals.
- Nature-based: wetland restoration → +10% aquifer recharge.
- Institutional: drought plans → anticipatory response reducing economic losses by 50%.
Adaptation Cycle
- Risk assessment: analysis of water deficit and vulnerability.
- Planning: projection using CMIP6 climate scenarios.
- Implementation: combination of grey and green solutions.
- Monitoring: tracking with AWARE and water stress indicators.
- Review: adaptive adjustment every 5 years.
Success Indicators (2030 Targets)
- Deficit reduction: −25%
- Water-risk insurance coverage: 80% of vulnerable agricultural areas
- Environmental flows maintained: 100% of water bodies
Synergies with Water Neutrality and Water Security
Robust water adaptation facilitates the achievement of corporate water neutrality and improves the National Water Security Index.
Investing in water adaptation yields a 4:1 return and is essential to achieving SDG 6 in a world that is 1.5 °C warmer.
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Agricultural Water Footprint
The agricultural water footprint is the total volume of freshwater (green, blue, and grey) consumed and polluted in the production of crops and livestock products.
Blue Water Footprint
The blue water footprint represents the volume of surface and groundwater withdrawn from rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and aquifers to produce goods and services.
Blue Water Scarcity
Blue water scarcity is an indicator that compares the consumption of surface and groundwater resources (blue water footprint) with the availability of renewable freshwater within a river basin over a specific period.
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