Road to net zero

Solastalgia: climate change and mental health

Solastalgia is the distress people feel when their home environment changes around them, whether through climate change, industrial development or res ...

The three pillars of sustainability explained

Corporate sustainability

The three pillars of sustainability explained

The three pillars of sustainability, environmental, social and economic, are the classic framework for building a sustainable organisation. Often summ ...

Permaculture: a sustainable business strategy

Corporate sustainability

Permaculture: a sustainable business strategy

Permaculture is a design philosophy that builds human systems modelled on the patterns of natural ecosystems. Although it began in agriculture, its pr ...

Pioneer species and their role in ecological restoration

Core climate concepts

Pioneer species and their role in ecological restoration

Pioneer species are the hardy, fast-growing organisms that are first to colonise bare or disturbed ground, such as land cleared by fire, mining or aba ...

Corporate sustainability

Carbon sinks and corporate sustainability

A carbon sink is any natural or engineered reservoir that absorbs and stores more carbon dioxide than it releases. For companies, carbon sinks matter ...

Wind energy taxation in Spain: the current rules

Green finances

Wind energy taxation in Spain: the current rules

Wind farms in Spain are taxed at several levels: national taxes such as the property tax (IBI) , the business activity tax (IAE) and the tax on the va ...

Tax incentives and support for sustainable agriculture

Green finances

Tax incentives and support for sustainable agriculture

Public support for sustainable agriculture in Spain is channelled mainly through direct aid (the Common Agricultural Policy eco-schemes and regional g ...

Ecological charges on the use of natural resources in Spain

Green finances

Ecological charges on the use of natural resources in Spain

Ecological charges on the use of natural resources are levies that public authorities impose on the use or extraction of natural assets (water, timber ...

Tax strategies to reduce emissions in industry

Green finances

Tax strategies to reduce emissions in industry

Environmental taxation has become one of the main levers for industry to cut its emissions. It combines instruments that penalise pollution (the carbo ...

Tax benefits for electric vehicles in Spain in 2026

Green finances

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Tax benefits for electric vehicles in Spain in 2026

Buying an electric vehicle in Spain in 2026 is cheaper thanks to several tax incentives that can be combined: a 15% deduction in personal income tax ( ...

Green taxes across Europe: a country comparison

Green finances

Green taxes across Europe: a country comparison

Green taxes vary widely from one European country to another. Finland was, in 1990, the first country in the world to introduce a carbon tax; Sweden t ...

Green taxation for SMEs: how to turn it into savings

Green finances